Criticism and bibliography. REVIEWS

Moscow: Nauka Publ., 2001, 280 p.

(c) 2002

September 1998 marked the 100th anniversary of the birth of an outstanding Oriental scholar, founder and head of the Russian School of Turkology, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Academy of Sciences of the USSR Nikolai Konstantinovich Dmitriev (1898-1954). Scientific meetings, conferences, and a regular session of traditional Dmitriev readings were dedicated to this date. Numerous reports and reports made on them were then reflected in periodicals and collections of articles (see, for example: Voprosy tyurkskoy filologii [Questions of Turkic Philology], Moscow: ISAA MSU, 1999, Issue 4; N. K. Dmitriev is an outstanding Turkologist and teacher. Kazan, 1998).

The peer-reviewed collection, prepared by a team of scientists from the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is unique in that it is built both on the material of well-known works of the scientist and the facts of his scientific biography, and on a variety of archival data that have not previously been published. This made it possible to better describe the scale of the figure of the founder and head of the Moscow School of Turkology and the contribution that he made to this field of national and world linguistics, as well as to folklore studies.

The novelty and fundamental nature of the research conducted by the authors-students and followers of N. K. Dmitriev - on creativity, social and scientific activities, and the biography of the scientist is determined primarily by the content of the collection itself. Thanks to the combined efforts of the editorial board of the collection and the compiler of the second section, G. F. Blagova, an extensive archival material of N. K. Dmitriev's heritage was introduced into scientific use for the first time, which made it possible to better evaluate the research activities of the scientist.

The first section ("On Nikolai Konstantinovich Dmitriev and his works") includes the following articles: E. R. Tenishev, A.V. Dybo "Nikolai Konstantinovich Dmitriev"; G. F. Blagova " Additions to the scientific biography of N. K. Dmitriev (based on archival materials)"; E. A. Grunin "On the grammatical concept of N. K. Dmitriev"; E. R. Tenishev " Notes of N. K. Dmitriev in the book of S. K. Tserunian "Course of Ottoman Conversations"; L. S. Levitskaya "N. K. Dmitriev and modern Kumyk linguistics"; L. A. Pokrovskaya "N. K. Dmitriev and the study of the Gagauz language"; I. G. Dobrodomov " Turkisms of the Russian language in the light of N. K. Dmitriev"; and also memoirs of Dmitriev's students-Z. B. Mukhamedova and M. Sh. Shiraliev. In addition to summarizing the known and unknown (archival) materials of the scientific biography of N. K. Dmitriev, it also contains new developments in the field of those areas of science in which he was engaged.

The second section of the book ("Unpublished articles and texts by N. K. Dmitriev")is more than half the volume. It opens with a generalizing article by G. F. Blagova "N. K. Dmitriev as a historian of science". The new archival material included in this section characterizes N. K. Dmitriev as a historian of the Moscow School of Oriental Philology (see the essays from the series "Oriental Philology at Moscow University" published in the collection): he was vitally interested in preserving the Eastern Department at the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University (as is known, it was abolished in this capacity after after his death in connection with the radical reform of Moscow Oriental studies in the 1950s); in order to "deepen the roots" of his Turkological school, he formulated its main idea "about the close cultural continuity that connects the modern life of our university with its glorious past" (p.107). He implemented this idea in his works on the history of science, which were not published at the time and are now published in a peer-reviewed collection.

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In any of his published essays, he tried to describe the contribution of each scholar to Turkology and his place in it. He appreciated in each of them what was peculiar to himself: "an amazing concentration of scientific interests", as, for example, in V. A. Gordlevsky, who "firmly and gradually goes to the intended goal, gradually expanding the base for his research" - "organic scientific construction". In the 1940s and early 1950s, when the clouds were gathering over the country over the decisions of the Central Committee of the Party on ideological issues, it was necessary to have civil courage to praise " crystal honesty and truthfulness, the absence of any careerism, sycophancy and flattery, sensitivity to questions of academic morality and life tact, scrupulousness about the dignity of scientific knowledge." respect for science and the ability to " courageously defend their scientific credo when circumstances forced them ... to this"" (p. 105).

G. F. Blagova's analytical review of N. K. Dmitriev's legacy, which is kept in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, makes it possible to get acquainted not only with his scientific works, but also with his creative plans, which are reflected in his collection of rich and interesting materials on certain topics of Turkological and related research. The materials presented in the book are accompanied by extensive comments that clarify and supplement all archival publications.

For the first time, three archival photographs are published in the collection: an unknown portrait of N. K. Dmitriev and group photos. The book is completed by a complete reference and bibliographic set of information about the scientist's work, prepared by A. A. Barannikova on the basis of the "Bibliography" compiled by V. D. Arakin (see: V. D. Arakin, Nikolai Konstantinovich Dmitriev (1898-1954), Moscow: MSU Publishing House, 1972). This list includes the most complete (over 200 titles) list of his works and information about his editorial activities. The collection concludes with a list of references about N. K. Dmitriev, containing about 60 titles.

Among the omissions, I will point out the following. In A. N. Kononov's review of V. D. Arakin's book " Nikolai Konstantinovich Dmitriev (1898-1954)", among some omissions of the author, it is stated that " in the carefully compiled bibliography of N. K. Dmitriev's works, his "Preface" and "Grammatical Notes" are not mentioned (in the book: Tserunian S. K. Course of Ottoman Conversations T. I. M., 1924, p. 588). This early Turkological work of N. K. Dmitriev is not listed in the "Bibliography of N. K. Dmitriev's Works" of the reviewed collection, although E. R. Tenishev's interesting article "Notes of N. K. Dmitriev in S. K. Tserunian's book "Course of Ottoman Conversations" is published in it for the second time" (pp. 52-62, especially p. 53). The article was originally published in the journal " Soviet Turkology "(1974, No. 1, p. 93).

With all the completeness of the materials presented, unfortunately, some of N. K. Dmitriev's works on the history of science, previously published in collections that have now become inaccessible, remained outside the collection. For example, an essay about F. E. Korsh, published posthumously in 1962 by the Moscow State University Publishing House, is, according to Academician I. Y. Krachkovsky, the best written about this scientist. Meanwhile, the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences and its St. Petersburg branch store typewritten copies of the author's version of this essay, which was not edited. In my opinion, it would also be desirable to include in the collection such articles by N. K. Dmitriev as: "V. D. Smirnov a Memoire "(No. 21, p. 256); " Kayum Nasyri as a philologist "(No. 71, p. 260); "A.M. Selishchev and Turkic Philology" (No. 74 260), as well as the biography of the Arabist K. S. Kashtaleva (wife of N. K. Dmitriev) published in the magazine "Vostok (Oriens)" (2001, No. 6).

Thus, if all N. K. Dmitriev's works on the history of science were collected in this collection, it would be a kind of textbook on the history of Turkology and Eastern philology in Russia, which has an independent methodological and pedagogical significance.

When publishing such a complex and voluminous work, of course, it was difficult to avoid some errors of style, as well as a few typos. However, my main concern is the composition and design of the second section of the book, where mainly archival materials are published and commented on. It would be more logical, in my opinion, to preface the entire archival part with a generalizing article by G. F. Blagova "N. K. Dmitriev's Scientific Heritage in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences", and not with N. K. Dmitriev's "Autobiography", as it is done in the collection, and immediately after it put all the archival materials. And the " Additions to the scientific biography of N. K. Dmitriev (based on archival materials)" by G. F. Blagova, placed in the first section, would be more appropriate to give after the "Autobiography". It also seems to me that with pub-

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The author, N. K. Dmitriev, should have been mentioned everywhere in the publication of each archival article; the texts of the commentary and notes should have been given only after the text of the article, as is done on page 225. Unfortunately, on page 166 there is no indication at all of the author of the comment.

The article "Autobiography" contains a section on the scientific and expedition work of N. K. Dmitriev, written in the third person. The reader gets the impression that this part was not written by him, which is quite likely, but the comments do not say anything about this (I note that the publisher of the Autobiography is the late F. D. Ashnin).

Despite these comments, which, rather, can be considered wishes, the advantages of this work are quite large. Without careful work on archival materials, it would not have been possible to talk about the exhaustion of information about the activities of N. K. Dmitriev and the 100th anniversary of his birth.

The material contained in the collection can be used in teaching Turkic philology, culture of the Turkic peoples, as well as the history of Russian science.

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