In July 2009, an international scientific and practical conference "The Heritage of Lama-Gelong Danzan-Khaibzun Samaev: experience, practice and prospects of application in the spiritual and socio-economic development of the Baikal region" (Second Samaev Readings) was held in the village of Soroka, Okinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia, dedicated to the memory of D.-Kh. Samaev (in the world Fyodor Sergeevich Samaev, 1954-2005), theorist and practitioner of modern Buddhism, scientist and prominent public figure, Knight of the Order of St. George, first class, of the Russian Chamber of Personality. The conference was held within the framework of the republican Soyot holiday Ulug-Dag and the celebration of the 80th anniversary of the founding of the Soyotskoye rural settlement. The conference was organized and founded by the Okinsky District Municipality of the Republic of Buryatia (RB), the Geological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Maydar Buddhist organization of the Republic of Belarus, the Arigun Ecological and Educational Center Republican public organization, and the D.-Kh. Samaev Foundation.

The conference was attended by religious figures, students and followers of D.-Kh. Samaev, representatives of the administration of the Okinsky District municipality; the Okinsky District Soyot Association; the Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North of the Republic of Belarus; scientists from the Geological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GIN SB RAS), the Institute of Mongolian Studies, Buddhology and Tibetology SB RAS (IMBT SB RASA. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow); Arctic State Institute of Arts and Culture (Yakutsk); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA; Indiana University, Bloomington, USA; Institute of Social Anthropology. Max Planck University, Halle, Germany; University of Montreal, Canada; Charles University Institute of Ethnology, Prague; representatives of the Khan Altai Foundation (Mongolia), Akhalar Center for Humanistic Technologies (Chernihiv, Ukraine); teachers of Buryat State University (BSU), East Siberian State Academy of Culture and Art (VSGAKI), Ulan-Ude; East Siberian State Technological University (VSSTU), Ulan-Ude; Angara State Technical Academy; Buryat branch of the Novosibirsk University of Economics and Management (Ulan-Ude); teachers and students of a number of educational institutions.

The conference discussed such topical and poorly studied issues as the spiritual heritage of Lama D.-Kh. Samaev - the mental basis for educating young people; legal, religious and environmental consciousness of the Mongolian peoples: traditions and modernity, Buddhism, nature and man, sacred objects as factors for preserving the culture of Buryats and other ethnic groups, traditions and features of spiritual and economic development. development of Urianhai-soyotes in modern conditions.

The conference participants were greeted by the Deputy Chairman of the Board of Directors. the head of the MO "Okinsky district" B. D. Baldanov. He spoke about the state, problems and prospects of socio-economic development of the Okinsky district as a territory of traditional nature management of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North. Interest was aroused by the deep content and absolutely new report of the Deputy Head of the Department. A. M. Plyusnin, Director of GIN SB RAS, " The phenomenon of Lake Baikal-a view from Mir GOA (Expedition "Worlds on Lake Baikal")". The author is a member of an expedition in 2008, the purpose of which was to study Lake Baikal. The speaker stressed that until now, Lake Baikal has been largely occupied by the

much remains a mystery. As a result of dives near Olkhon Island, a large amount of material was collected to determine the microelement and isotopic composition of deep water, bottom sediments, bitumized rocks, mud volcano structures, and other formations. After analysis and processing, this material will undoubtedly provide valuable information to explain the formation of conditions, patterns and existence of this natural phenomenon - Lake Baikal.

S. I. Garmayeva (BSU), in her report on the spiritual heritage of Lama D.-Kh. Samaev, noted that the moral aspect of his teaching should become the mental basis for educating young people."

Two reports were devoted to the study of the "Atlas of Tibetan Medicine" from the collection of the M. N. Khangalov Museum of the History of Buryatia (Ulan-Ude). Dashi Lama V. A. Shaglakhaev (abbot of the Bodhidharma Buddhist Monastery, Arshan village, Tunkinsky district of the Republic of Belarus) presented a report "The spiritual space of Society: framing the Atlas of Tibetan Medicine by Lama Danzan-Khaibzun Samaev". He noted the titanic work done by the Buddhist figure to frame a unique monument of medieval Tibetan culture. Studying advanced technologies of conservation and maintenance of museum exhibits, Lama D.-Kh. Samaev came to the conclusion that the only way to preserve the monument for future generations is to put each leaf of the rarity in a special protective capsule.

N. D. Bolsokhoeva (IMBT SB RAS) in her report "Atlas of Tibetan Medicine from the collection of the M. N. Khangalov Museum of the History of Buryatia" gave a comprehensive source study description of the monument, which she classifies as a treasure trove of multi-faceted Tibetan culture. Noting the role of Lama D.-Kh. Samaev in preserving the rarity, she emphasized the special significance of the Atlas exhibitions organized by him in Buryatia and Yakutia, thanks to which residents of the republics got acquainted with medical illustrations made by professional Tibetan artists and doctors. In addition, the report addressed issues related to the preservation of the "Atlas of Tibetan Medicine" in the funds of the Museum of the History of Buryatia.

Soyot Hambo Lama V. G. Ayusheev (Danzan Norbu) spoke about the spiritual aspects of the development of the Baikal-Sayan and Khubsubul regions. The topic of V. A. Shaglakhaev's report is "Buddhist treasures of the Tunka and Okinsky districts of Buryatia as monuments of history, culture and natural heritage of Russia". He stressed that Buddhist figures from the datsans of the two districts, continuing the sacred traditions laid down by Tsannit Khambo Lama Agvan Dorzhiev and lamas of the older generation, repeatedly raised the question of the need to recreate a single religious and cultural natural complex that collapsed in the 1930s (during the repressions, Buddhist temples were closed or destroyed, thousands of lamas died in camps and prisons). The speaker spoke about the urgent problems of spiritual protection and preservation of natural and Buddhist sacred sites of the Tunka Valley and Okinsky district, careful attitude to the traditional habitats of Buryats and Soyots. These ideas occupied a worthy place in the comprehensive work of D.-Kh. Samaev.

L. Ts. Sanzheyeva (BSU) and E. O. Khundayeva (IMBT SB RAS) presented a joint report "Research of archaeologists and philologists on some ethnic aspects of the history of Central Asia in ancient and medieval times". Based on a thorough analysis of the works of scientists, they showed the contribution of Buryat researchers to the study of the most complex problems of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the region under consideration. D. Bryan (Planck Institute of Social Anthropology, Germany) read an original report "The Homeland of the Aha: the heart and soul of Soyots". After reviewing the processes that led to the official recognition of the tojo, Tofa, and soyotes as indigenous small-numbered peoples of Russia, he touched upon the history of the "revival" of soyotes and their attitude to their ethnic identity. D. Bryan said that within the framework of the project on legal pluralism of the Institute of Social Anthropology, he began to study the environmental law of indigenous small-numbered peoples of Russia in the Russian legislative system. Using the examples of toju, tofa, and soyotes, he intends to demonstrate how Government-approved laws related to indigenous peoples actually work in their favor.

M. A. Havlicek (Institute of Ethnology, Charles University, Prague) presented a report "The significance of sacred sites, their development and transformation options on the example of Buryat places of worship". As part of the project "Modern Types of Buryat Shamanism", funded by the Charles University Grant Agency Foundation, the scientist conducted a field of-

The study was conducted in Tunkinsky and Kizhinginsky districts of the Republic of Buryatia, as well as in the Aginsky Buryat district of the Trans-Baikal Territory. He managed to collect rich and interesting material that formed the basis of the report. He defined his own understanding of the term "sacred places" and highlighted the economic, political and social aspects of performing rituals that determine the form and method of their performance in sacred places. They have a certain influence on attempts to renew places of worship in ethnic Buryatia.

S. D. Syrtypova (Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences) devoted her report" Ecology of the East Sayan Region and the activities of Lama D.-Kh. Samaev " to the issue of preserving the cultural and natural heritage of the peoples of the Baikal region, South-Eastern Siberia, and the Eastern Sayans, i.e., a topic that was considered to be the main topic of the conference. the most important component of the versatile activity of Lama D.-H. Samaeva Street. He was a consultant and spiritual mentor of a research project on the development of a methodology for identifying, recording, investigating and preserving religious monuments located in the natural environment in hard-to-reach places of the Baikal region, which received the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. The speaker noted that the spiritual, social and environmental activities of Lama D.-Kh. Samaev had a great impact on the self-consciousness of fellow countrymen.

Great interest was aroused by the report of the late V. Okinsky. Zodboev), the closest disciple of Lama D.-H. Samaeva, " As it was. Shumak-diamond protection of the Oka River". (The report was read by M. Ts. Zakharova, V. Zodboev's sister). It addresses topical issues related to the preservation of Shumak, a historical sacred place of Buryats and Soyots, an amazing miracle of nature. The 108 mineral springs of Shumak have exceptionally high healing properties. On the territory of Shumak grows a huge number of medicinal herbs, traditionally used by the local population in the treatment of various pathologies. Some plants serve as ingredients for composing multicomponent preparations of Tibetan medicine. In recent years, the flow of not only Russian tourists from the country's regions, but also from abroad, has increased tenfold to Shumak.

Using the positive experience of improving the ecology of sound space and human energy harmonization, A. I. Kuzmina (St. Petersburg) considered the problem of using music in spiritual development, education, biology, agriculture, medicine, psychology, politics, industry and in all life situations to achieve positive goals. In addition, she convincingly showed the need for the use of music as one of the most widely used methods of healing in modern medicine. Famous Mongolian singer and musician Yavgast Gendenpilling shared his memories of D. H. Samaev, with whom he was lucky enough to share a room during his studies at the Buddhist Academy at the Gandan Monastery in Mongolia and maintain friendly relations for 35 years. The speaker noted Samaev's extraordinary ability to study Eastern languages and understand the most complex key issues of Buddhist philosophy and psychology. His talent was admired not only by fellow students, but also by venerable Mongolian scientists and politicians. Report by L. P. Dambaeva (Arctic State University) in-t, Yakutsk) "The cult of mountains in the worldview of the Sakha people" was dedicated to the sacredness of the mountain ranges of Yakutia. The author cited a large number of legends related to the cult of mountains and spiritualized in the mythological traditions of indigenous peoples. She stressed that the increased interest in natural and cultural heritage is explained by the fact that it is one of the carriers of the historical memory of the people, creating and preserving the picture of the world, connecting the natural and man-made environment of the original habitat into a single whole.

K. Graeber (University of Michigan, USA) in an interesting report "Sacred landscapes, toponyms and their role in language conservation: some examples from North America" from the standpoint of linguistic anthropology identified the importance of sacred landscapes and toponyms in the preservation of local languages and their close connection with national culture. In her opinion, ancient place names serve as a clear evidence of linguistic changes in the linguistic past, especially in dead or rarely used languages. Using examples from the Apache language, she noted some similarities in some modern sociolinguistic positions of a number of indigenous Siberian and American languages. In this regard, it is reasonable to talk about resonances between modern Apaches, Buryats or Soyots in the sphere of relations to sacred landscapes and language.

R. Nance (Indiana University, Bloomington, USA) made a presentation on "Pilgrimage and the impact of modern Technology on Ritual Practices: Examples from Tibet". He spoke about the practice

Pilgrimage is a Buddhist tradition that has deep historical roots and originates in the Indian subcontinent, as Buddhist pilgrimage has changed and continues to evolve today. Based on the field materials of the French Tibetologist K. Buffetrill, who participated three times (in 1990, 1992, and 2002) in the gnas skor pilgrimage, a circumambulation of the sacred mountain Ane Machen (a myes rma chen) in Amdo (Northeastern Tibet), the author described in detail the ideas and methods pilgrimages on the Tibetan plateau at the present time. He drew attention to the way it affects the Tibetan landscape, the sense of collectivism in the pilgrim community and the local population who live permanently in places along the pilgrimage route. There is no doubt that changes have environmental, economic and social consequences.

Lama Danzan Arga-Yu. Trofimenko (Humanistic Center. He spoke about the key concept of the Akhalar ecological movement, the essence of which is to combine the scientific knowledge and experience of antiquity in solving modern problems based on the principles of Ahimsa, altruism and aryun. The author identified the following problems: preservation of sacred places of the planet, interaction of human consciousness with natural processes, environmental education, adaptation of people to modern living conditions, education, charity, development of altruistic principles in people, promotion of rational use of natural resources and energy conservation. Lama Danzan Altan, based on the ideas of D-X. Samaeva, outlined the principles of the technology of developing cooperation, which is used by the followers of the Teacher to solve issues of survival and development.

The joint report of I. G. Golovanov and N. G. Sazonova aroused interest. (Angarsk State Technical University acad.) "Peculiarities of using non-traditional power supply sources in the territory of the Okinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia". The authors noted that for Eastern Siberia, in particular for the Okinsky district, it is possible to use solar, wind, bioenergy, and low-power hydroelectric power stations on the tributaries of the Oka, Tisa, and Sentsa Rivers, which would contribute to solving social, economic, and environmental problems in the region. B. Ts. Gomboev (East Siberian State Technologist. Ulan-Ude University) in his report "Cultural and natural heritage of the Sayan Highlands of Buryatia: prospects for conservation and use in the context of cross-border relations" considered the ethno-cultural component of the Sayan Highlands as a single whole of the region. The author considers the Tunka and Okinsky districts of Buryatia and the Khubsugul aimag of Mongolia to be a single region and believes that this approach will allow us to consider the entire religious and religious complex of peoples and ethnic groups living in a cross-border region as a single one. N. S. Zayakhanova (Intern. The Association of Art Historians (Ulan-Ude) analyzed the peculiarities of the culture of the Baikal region and noted the coexistence of traditions belonging to different historical periods and different ethnic groups. In the decoration of weapons, clothing, horse harness, utensils and ornaments, the features of the pagan worldview of the indigenous population of the region - Evenks, Soyots-Uriankhais, as well as the ancestors of the Buryats-were preserved. Religious art was also characterized by a mixture of styles; Buddhist iconography, which penetrated the territory of the Baikal region from Mongolia and Tibet, enriched the archaic folk art with images-symbols of the new religion.

A.D. Ayusheva (Sorokskaya Soyot Boarding School) presented a detailed description of the system of ecological principles based on extensive factual material of traditional culture. She came to the conclusion that the ecological culture of soyots, created by their ancestors for many centuries, is closely related to religious beliefs, in which the main principle of life and behavior is not to cause harm to living beings, to preserve nature and ecological traditions. I. A. Rossikhin (ETNA Ecological and Humanitarian Center, Ulan-Ude). on the role of national, cultural and historical traditions in the education of young people. He stressed that at this stage it is important that religious denominations, national-cultural and public organizations, representatives of scientific and creative intelligentsia are involved in the process of moral education of young people, preserving the traditional culture of the peoples of the region. L. A. In her report "Spiritual heritage of Lama Danzan-Khaibzun Samaev as a platform for greening modern education", Rossikhina (Ulan-Ude) considered a number of promising areas related to the involvement of schoolchildren in telecommunications educational environmental projects. This fully corresponds to the spiritual heritage of the D-X. Samaev, who sought to adapt the moral, ethical and philosophical foundations of Buddhism to the strict requirements of real life. Director of the Museum at the

N. L. Nagaslayeva told the Soroka Soyot boarding school about the activities of Dr. Samaev aimed at reviving spirituality. A. Bartanova (Korona-Film TV Company, St. Petersburg) spoke about the role of media culture in the spiritual development of the younger generation of the Baikal region.

B. Zh. Tsybdenova (VSGAKI), based on the material of sociological research conducted by her for several years, considered the social functions of national languages in the Russian Federation. She stressed that in a multi-ethnic and multilingual State, language has not only cultural, but also social significance. Language plays an important role in stabilizing and harmonizing relations between individuals in a particular society and ethnic groups in general.

Students and schoolchildren actively participated in the conference. This gives us confidence that the younger generation is a reliable continuation of the works of Lama D.-Kh.Samaev. L. Samaeva, a student of the Orlik secondary school, made two presentations. In the first - "High-altitude meadows of the upper reaches of the Tisa and Zhombolok rivers (Eastern Sayan)" - she noted that the results obtained on the basis of expedition materials give an idea of the structure of flora and vegetation of alpine and subalpine meadows of Eastern Sayan and their current state; in the second, she gave the family's pedigree and told about the traditions and customs of the ancestors. In the report of A. A. Ivanova (Sayansk secondary school, Sayany village) D. Sambaeva analyzed the content of the poem" Na Privale " by the Buryat poet B. Dugarov and showed what influence the philosophy of Zen Buddhism had on his poetry. with. Khuzhir) considered the content of Leo Tolstoy's work "After the Ball" from the point of view of Buddhist philosophy. S. B. Tontoeva (Medical College of Railway Transport, Irkutsk) spoke about the revival of traditions associated with the rite of veneration of ancestors. A. I. Kuzmina (St. Petersburg) and L. N. Mandagaeva (Orlik village) read their poems dedicated to Lama D.-Kh. Samaev, Lama Dan-zan Dashi, a student of D.-Kh.Samaev, and the beauty of the Oka River.

The results of the conference were summed up by A.M. Plyusnin. Noting the relevance of studying the rich heritage of Lama-gelong D.-Kh. Samaev, he stressed that in the era of globalization, it is necessary to develop his ideas on the transformation of key provisions of Buddhism, adapting them to modern conditions. It is necessary to pay special attention to the issues of consciousness, morality, environmental education, and the formation of an ecological culture of the younger generation. I. A. Rossikhin proposed to establish a republican competition of research and creative works of schoolchildren and students dedicated to the memory of the D-Kh. Samaeva Street. In conclusion, Alexander Plyusnin expressed his gratitude to the organizers of the conference.

The organizing committee organized a large cultural program within the framework of the Republican Soyot holiday Ulug-Dag. The conference participants had the opportunity to enjoy the theatrical performance "Echo of Goltsov" and attend traditional soyot sports: sled jumping, axe and lasso throwing, and national wrestling. Part of the cultural program was an exhibition of decorative and applied art of Soyot masters, a visit to the traditional Soyot dwelling ursa-ger with a tasting of Soyot national cuisine, a festive concert "Melodies of Ulug-Dag" and a gala dinner. Then the conference participants moved to the village of Orlik, where they made a one-day pilgrimage tour with visits to sacred sites, natural monuments, history, culture and places of interest in the Okinsky district. A group of conference participants made an extreme trip accompanied by local guides to the mineral springs on Hoito Gol.

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